Virginia Trout Fishing Guide: Streams, Seasons, and Where to Catch Fish Across the Commonwealth A Trout Fishing Guide to Virginia’s Best Streams, Stocked Trout Waters, and Native Brook Trout Habitats

Trout Fishing in Virginia: What Anglers Need to Know

Trout fishing in Virginia offers anglers a wide variety of waters—from pristine mountain streams in the Shenandoah Valley to stocked tailwaters like the Jackson River. Thanks to a detailed trout stocking plan managed by the Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources (DWR), trout fishing is accessible nearly year-round across the state. Whether you’re targeting wild brook trout in high-altitude creeks or chasing larger trout like brown and rainbow trout in stocked rivers, Virginia has something for every level of angler.

The DWR actively manages both stocked trout waters and wild trout streams through its trout management in Virginia initiative. This includes designated stocked trout waters, special regulation streams, year-round fishing areas, and seasonal closures depending on the trout stocking schedule. Before you hit the water, make sure you have a valid Virginia fishing license and a trout stamp if required.

Top Trout Waters in Virginia: Best Streams for Fly Fishing and Spin Anglers

If you’re looking for the best trout waters in Virginia, here are some of the top streams, rivers, and creeks to explore:

1. Jackson River

A crown jewel of trout fishing in Virginia, the Jackson River below Gathright Dam is a premier trout fishery known for its cold water temperatures and excellent holdover and stocked trout populations. Anglers can target both brown trout and rainbow trout here, with some of the larger trout in the state caught downstream of the dam. The Jackson is a must-fish for those seeking consistent hatches, including mayfly and caddisfly emergences, ideal for fly fishing with dry flies or nymphs. Be aware that you may need a National Forest Permit for specific sections of the tailwater. 

2. Mossy Creek

This limestone stream in the Shenandoah Valley offers some of the most challenging and rewarding fly fishing in the state. A special regulation water requiring catch and release, Mossy Creek is home to wary brown trout that feed on a variety of aquatic insects and terrestrials. The clear water and slow flow make presentation and fly selection crucial—bring your best elk hair caddis and nymph patterns. Free permits are provided by the Department of Game and Inland Fisheries.

3. Rapidan River

Flowing through Shenandoah National Park, the Rapidan is a classic Appalachian brook trout stream. Known for its population of native brook trout (also affectionately called brookies), this stream offers a scenic escape and is perfect for lightweight fly rods. The surrounding parkland, including nearby Old Rag Mountain, makes for a complete outdoor experience. Fish this water during the spring hatch for rising trout on dry flies.

4. South River

Located near Waynesboro, the South River offers a blend of urban convenience and solid trout fishing. This designated stocked trout water supports both stocked rainbows and browns, with access points near town. The river also includes special regulation sections with catch and release requirements and year-round fishing opportunities.

5. Rose River

Another gem within Shenandoah National Park, the Rose River features cold, clean water ideal for wild brook trout. It’s less trafficked than the Rapidan and ideal for solitude. Fish this stretch with small dry flies during summer and enjoy excellent scenery and aquatic life.

6. Crooked Creek

Tucked into southwestern Virginia, Crooked Creek is a stocked trout stream located in Carroll County. The Virginia DWR stocks this stream heavily through its annual trout stocking plan, and it offers both put-and-take and catch and release areas. Excellent for families and newer fishermen.

7. Conway River

Another productive brook trout stream on the eastern slope of the Blue Ridge. Like many streams in Virginia that lie within or near National Forest land, it’s ideal for those looking to fish in a remote, natural setting.

8. Maury River

Near Lexington, the Maury River offers a variety of fish species, including stocked trout, in its colder upper stretches. This stream is stocked according to the state’s stocking schedule, making it a great destination during the cooler months of trout season.

We offer guided trips on all of these waterways except Crooked Creek. Please click HERE for more information.

Trout Management in Virginia: Stocking, Licenses, and Access

The Virginia DWR divides the state’s trout water into four categories:

• Designated Stocked Trout Waters

• Special Regulation Trout Waters

• Wild Trout Streams

• Urban Program Trout Waters

These categories are outlined in DWR’s trout stocking plan and help anglers locate the right type of trout fishery for their preferences. The annual trout stocking schedule, typically published online and through the DWR app, includes hundreds of streams and lakes stocked with brook, brown, and rainbow trout.

If you plan to fish in designated stocked trout waters, a valid freshwater fishing license and a trout license are required. The DWR website includes daily updates to the stocking plan for the streams, helping anglers time their trips based on when waters are stocked and their stocking schedule.

Fly Fishing for Trout in Virginia

Fly fishing is particularly popular on Virginia’s wild trout streams, where anglers can enjoy the challenge of matching the hatch. Brook trout often respond to well-placed dry flies, while brown and rainbow trout take nymphs and streamers. Key hatches include mayfly, stonefly, and caddisfly species, making a well-stocked fly box a must.

Many fishing areas near public land allow access without private permission, particularly in national forest and Shenandoah National Park lands. These areas are great for exploring on foot and provide habitat for Virginia trout year-round.

Middle River Outfitters offers guided trips and fly fishing instruction at locations throughout central and Northern Virginia. Click HERE for our services.

Final Thoughts: Trout in Virginia’s Wild and Stocked Waters

Trout fishing in Virginia is as diverse as the landscape itself. From wild brook trout in high mountain streams to stocked rainbow trout in community rivers, the state provides something for every angler. Whether you prefer the solitude of the Rose River, the challenge of Mossy Creek, or the consistent action on the Jackson River, Virginia is a top destination for trout in the Mid-Atlantic.

With over 2,900 miles of trout streams, detailed trout stocking programs, and a commitment to conservation, Virginia is an ideal state for both beginner and experienced fly fishing enthusiasts. Just don’t forget your license required by law and consult the stocking schedule before heading out.

Whether you’re aiming to catch brookies on a mountainside or chasing stocked trout on a lunch break, this guide should help you find your next great fishing spot in the beautiful state of Virginia.